Yes, reputation. Governments seem to care (a little bit) more about it than one would think. It's plugging my own stuff but I suggested last week that the EITI should make more of its power to confer or reduce reputation. Whether its supporters are ready to do that or not is another question..

Thanks for the comment, Diarmid. I agree - reputation seems to be the only way to hit the offending governments where it might hurt, and actually induce a change.